弹簧专题

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 08:56:45

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>弹簧线的钢种、物理性能、标准化学成份和适用范围

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wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:00:15

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center" align=center>日本冷成型弹簧钢丝浅述
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0cm 36pt 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"> 一、冷成型弹簧钢丝分类 　　弹簧钢丝 　　1、冷拔钢丝：JISG3522琴钢丝(SWP－A、SWP－B、SWP－C) 　　JISG3521高碳钢丝(SWA、SWB、SWC) 　　JISG4314 弹簧用不锈钢丝(sus302－WPA、WPB、sus304－WPA、WPB、sus316－WPA、su3631J1－WPC) 　　2、热处理钢丝：JISG3560 弹簧用碳素油淬火钢丝SWD－A、SWD－B 　　JISG3561 阀门弹簧用碳素油淬火钢丝SWD－V 　　JISG3565 阀门弹簧用铭钒油淬火钢丝SWDCV－V 　　JISG3566 阀门弹簧用硅铭油淬火钢丝 SWDSC－V 　　JISG3567 弹簧用硅锰油淬火钢丝 SWDSM－A、SWDSM－B、SWDSM－C 　　JSMA.NO.11 弹簧用硅铭淬火钢丝 SWDSC 　　二、琴钢丝和高碳钢丝 　　琴钢丝是由杂质元素(P、S、Cu)含量少的以及发纹脱碳等表面缺陷有严格规定的线材生产的优质弹簧材料，通常用这种钢丝生产精密弹簧。高碳钢丝与琴钢丝比较，虽不要求严格的疲劳强度和弹簧特性，但与琴钢丝的差距并不大。 　　三、油淬火钢丝 　　生产汽车阀门用弹簧钢丝有SWP－V、SWO－V、SWOCV和SWOSC－V。近年来，随着发动机转数的高速化和使用温度高的高温化，对淬火钢丝耐疲劳性能、耐火性能又提出了更高的要求。悬架簧向高应力，轻量化方向发展，目前传统材料50CWA、SUP12、SuP7、SAE9259难以胜任1100Mpa以上应力，趋向淘汰而它们的替代品SAE9254TV、SRS60、UHS1900 UHS2000趋于广泛使用。 　　四、弹簧用不锈钢丝 　　弹簧生产对不锈钢丝也有严格的要求。除了应具有不锈耐蚀的特点外，现在要求不锈钢丝应具有更高的抗拉强度，而疲劳寿命应与琴钢丝相比美。沉淀硬化型不锈弹簧丝具有更广泛的前景。而随着拉丝辅助材料的开发，使这一切正在逐步实现。 　　五、表面处理钢丝 　　1、各种镀层钢丝：一般情况下弹簧成型后再度层，会影响弹簧的性能而采用先镀后拉生 产的钢丝可以在一定程度上减少这种情况。 　　2、现有镀层种类：镀锌、镀镍、镀锡、镀铜、或混合镀等。　　　六、其它弹簧钢丝 　　马氏体时效处理钢丝 　　在发动机阀门弹簧中，发动机转数在高应力下超过1万次/时，就要求材料有较高的强耐热性能。但是当油淬火钢丝达不到这样的要求时，可使用马氏体时效处理钢丝。经低温氮化处理，对提高阀门弹簧的特性非常有效。
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wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:01:30

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center" align=center>模具弹簧的特点和设计原则
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> 近年来随着模具工业发展，模具弹簧尤其是异形截面钢丝模具弹簧的应用数量和品种日益增大。异形截面模具弹簧具有刚度大、寿命长、体积小等特点。但其设计理论发展比较迟缓。目前，除正方形截面强力弹簧的设计方法比较成熟外，其它截面强力弹簧的设计方法，基本是根据具体截面通过试验，找出修正系数得出具体截面的经验设计公式，现对该类弹簧特点和设计问题作一简介。 　　这个问题，是使用这种弹簧者很关心也必须搞清楚的问题。下面以正方形截面与圆截面螺旋弹簧作一比较。 　　在相同空间内，正方形截面钢丝弹簧承载能力比圆截面簧要高43-48%。显而易见，矩形簧要大于50%以上。 　　从使用应力过大是弹簧破坏的主要原因分析，在相同条件下，异形截面钢丝弹簧比圆截面钢丝弹簧的寿命要提高13-14%。 　　异形截面钢丝弹簧能产生大的变形量。 　　异形钢丝弹簧的重量大。 　　线性度比圆截面弹簧好，即刚度更趋于常数值。特别是长边平行于轴线绕制的弹簧。 　　应用范围受到一定的限制：从分析可见，异形截面材料弹簧如不能充分应用其优点，便不会产生经济效益，什么情况下使用好呢？ 　　(1)用圆截面材料达不到设计载荷。 　　(2)取代圆截面复合弹簧。 　　(3)用圆材料弹簧达不到所需要变形量的时候。 　　(4)弹簧安装空间小的地方。 　　(5)要求弹簧特性严格的地方。 　　二、模具弹簧设计原则 　　1．弹簧材料许用应力[τ]的选择，应以保证弹簧疲劳寿命为主进行考虑。弹簧的动态寿命，一般分为三类： 　　Ⅰ类：承受交变载荷次数为106； 　　Ⅱ类：承受交变载荷次数为103-105； 　　Ⅲ类：承受交变载荷次数小于103； 　　2．材料宽厚比(a/b)不宜过大，而弹簧的旋绕不宜过小。 　　3．设计非矩形的异形截面弹簧时，一定要推导和绘制在不同旋转比、不同宽厚比与变形修正系数(τ)和切应力修正系数(β)的曲线或计算公式。 　　4．要根据给定条件和限制条件，选择计算简便和参数选择合理的设计方法。 三尚存问题 　　1．模具设计标准化程度低，限制了标准化模具弹簧的发展速度。 　　2．模具弹簧标准化程度低，目前除我所为汽车工业制定的QC7111-7113标准外在国内尚无正式使用的国标或行业标准，模具设计人员无标准可选是急待解决的问题。 　　3．设计理论不完善，目前比较成熟的是矩形截面螺旋弹簧，但对其公差选用尚无定论。其异形截面螺旋弹簧均以矩形截面为基础，经试验加以修正。 　　4．没有异形截面材料生产的定点厂，特别是没有此类材料的油淬火回火钢丝供应厂家。而由弹簧制造厂自己改制的材料，质量不稳定，造价高，影响此类弹簧的推广应用。 　　5．没有生产此类弹簧的专用卷簧设备。模具用螺旋弹簧旋绕比一般都小于4，而国内卷簧机适用绕制旋绕比在4以上的弹簧。

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:02:46

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center" align=center>弹簧的几何尺寸计算公式
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0cm 36pt 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"> 圆柱形压缩、拉伸螺旋弹簧的几何尺寸计算公式 
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名称与代号 </TD>
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压缩螺旋弹簧 </TD>
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拉伸螺旋弹簧 </TD></TR>
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弹簧直径d/mm </TD>
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由强度计算公式确定 </TD></TR>
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　弹簧中径D2/mm </TD>
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D2=Cd </TD></TR>
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弹簧内径D1/mm </TD>
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D1=D2-d </TD></TR>
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弹簧外径D/mm </TD>
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D=D2+d </TD></TR>
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弹簧指数C </TD>
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C=D2/d　一般4≤C≤6 </TD></TR>
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螺旋升角g/° </TD>
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<v:shapetype><v:stroke joinstyle="miter"></v:stroke><v:formulas><v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"></v:f><v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"></v:f><v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"></v:f></v:formulas><v:path gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect" extrusionok="f"></v:path><lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"></lock></v:shapetype><v:shape><v:imagedata></v:imagedata></v:shape>　对压缩弹簧，推荐g＝5°～9° </TD></TR>
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有效圈数n </TD>
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由变形条件计算确定一般n>2 </TD></TR>
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总圈数n1 </TD>
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压缩n1＝n＋(2~2.5)；拉伸n1＝n n1＝n＋(1.5～2)(YⅠ型热卷)；n1的尾数为1/4、1/2、3/4或整圈，推荐1/2圈 </TD></TR>
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自由高度或长度H0/mm </TD>
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两端圈磨平n1＝n＋1.5时，H0＝np+d n1＝n＋2时，H0＝np+1.5d n1＝n＋2.5时，H0＝np+2d 两端圈不磨平n1＝n＋2时，H0＝np+3d n1＝n＋2.5时，H0＝np+3.5d </TD>
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LI型　H0＝(n+1)d+D1 LⅡ型 H0＝(n+1)d+2D1 LⅦ型　H0＝(n+1.5)d+2D1</TD></TR>
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工作高度或长度Hn/mm </TD>
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Hn＝H0－ln </TD>
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Hn＝H0+ln，ln－变形量　 </TD></TR>
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节距p/mm </TD>
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 </TD>
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p＝d </TD></TR>
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间距d/mm </TD>
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d＝p－d </TD>
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d＝0 </TD></TR>
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压缩弹簧高径比b </TD>
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b＝H0/D2 </TD>
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 </TD></TR>
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展开长度L/mm </TD>
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L=pD2n1/cosg </TD>
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L=pD2n+钩部展开长度 </TD></TR></TABLE>

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:03:29

<

center" align=center>弹簧的故障模式
<

0cm 36pt 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"> 
<

0cm 36pt 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">　　弹簧是机械产品中的重要基础件之一。它的种类很多，按形状划分有：螺旋弹簧、板（片）簧、碟形弹簧、环形弹簧、平面（截锥）蜗卷弹簧等；按承载特点划分有：压缩、拉伸、扭转等弹簧。还有按成形方式、材质等划分弹簧的方法。
　　弹簧承受的应力主要有：弯曲应力、扭转应力、拉压应力和复合应力等。
　　弹簧的故障模式主要有：断裂、变形、松驰、磨损。其中最主析是断裂和变形菜（松驰）。
<TABLE 471pt; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-left: left; mso-table-top: 57.45pt" cellPadding=0 width=628 align=left border=1>

<TR>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>模式分类</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>说明</TD></TR>
<TR>
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<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>断裂</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 70.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=94>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">脆性断裂</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">弹簧断裂中绝大部属于脆性断裂。只有当工作温度较式时，才有可能出现塑性断裂（如切变形断裂及蠕变断裂等）。在工程上把疲劳断裂、应力腐蚀断裂及氢脆断裂等称为脆性断裂</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 70.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=94>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">疲劳断裂</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">弹簧在循环载荷作用下的断裂</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 70.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=94>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">应力腐蚀断裂</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">在拉应力和腐蚀介质共同作用下引起弹簧断裂现象</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 70.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=94>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">腐蚀疲劳断裂</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">弹簧在循环载荷和腐蚀介质共同作用下发生的断裂</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 70.85pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=94>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">氢脆、镉脆、黑脆</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">由于弹簧材料中有害物质含量过高引起的脆断</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 88.35pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=118 colSpan=2>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>松驰或变形</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
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<TR>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 88.35pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=118 colSpan=2>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly" align=center>磨损</TD>
<TD #ece9d8; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 378.15pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: #ece9d8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" width=504>
<P 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-element: frame; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-top: 57.45pt; mso-height-rule: exactly">磨损分为：磨料、疲劳和腐蚀磨损</TD></TR></TABLE>
弹簧的故障模式分类

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:04:15

<

center" align=center>弹簧处理工艺
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center" align=center> 
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0cm 36pt 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"> 
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 弹簧处理工艺 </TD></TR>
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整定处理 </TD>
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Setting </TD>
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又称“立定处理”。将热处理后的压缩弹簧压缩到工作极限载荷下的高度或压并高度（拉伸弹簧拉伸到工作极限载荷下的长度，扭转弹簧扭转到工作极限扭转角），一次或多次短暂压缩（拉伸、扭转）以达到稳定弹簧几何尺寸为主要目的的一种工艺方法。 </TD></TR>
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加温整定处理 </TD>
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Hot-setting </TD>
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又称“加温立定处理”。在高于弹簧工作温度条件下的立定处理。 </TD></TR>
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强压处理 </TD>
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[Compressive] pre stressing </TD>
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将压缩弹簧压缩至弹簧材料表层产生有益的与工作应力反向的残余应力，以达到提高弹簧承载能力和稳定几何尺寸的一种工艺方法。 </TD></TR>
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加温强压处理 </TD>
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Hot-[compressive] prestressing </TD>
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在高于弹簧工作条件下进行的强压处理 </TD></TR>
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强拉处理 </TD>
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[tension] prestressing </TD>
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将拉伸弹簧拉伸至弹簧材料表面产生有益的与工作应力反向的残余应力，以提高弹簧承载能力和稳定其几何尺寸的一种工艺方法。 </TD></TR>
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加温强拉处理 </TD>
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Hot [tension] prestressing </TD>
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在高于弹簧工作温度条件下进行的强拉处理 </TD></TR>
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强扭处理 </TD>
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[torsion] prestressing </TD>
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将扭转弹簧扭转至弹簧材料表层产生有益的与工作应力反向的残余应力，以提高弹簧承载能力和稳定其几何尺寸的一种工艺方法。 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 108pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid" width=144>
加温强扭处理 </TD>
<TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 126pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid" width=168>
Hot [torsion]prestressing </TD>
<TD windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BACKGROUND: white; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 242.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid" width=323>
高于弹簧工作温度条件下进行的强扭处理。 </TD></TR></TABLE>

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-15 09:05:10

<

center" align=center>弹簧材料的作用温度界限
<

center" align=center> 
<

0cm 36pt 0pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"> 

<TABLE medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 66.98%; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-border-alt: outset #111111 .75pt" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="66%" border=1>

<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #ccccff; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 100%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset" width="100%" colSpan=3>
弹簧材料的作用温度界限（静应力60Kg/mm2程度的表准例） </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 57.12%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="57%" colSpan=2>
材料 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
使用温度界限℃ </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 57.12%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="57%" colSpan=2>
硬钢线 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
150 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 57.12%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="57%" colSpan=2>
琴丝线 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
150 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 28.52%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="28%" rowSpan=2>
油回火线 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 28.6%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="28%">
碳钢 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
180 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 28.6%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="28%">
低合金钢 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
230 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 57.12%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="57%" colSpan=2>
不锈钢线 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
310 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 57.12%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="57%" colSpan=2>
高速钢 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
400 </TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #111111 0.75pt inset; WIDTH: 28.52%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="28%">
弹簧 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 28.6%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="28%">
碳钢 Si-Mn钢 Cr-V钢 Si-Mn钢 </TD>
<TD #111111 0.75pt inset; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; BACKGROUND: #d5e9ee; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 42.88%; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: #111111 0.75pt inset; mso-border-left-alt: inset #111111 .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: inset #111111 .75pt" width="42%">
180 230 230 270 </TD></TR></TABLE>

snowgirl19 · 发表于 2005-9-15 11:14:24

楼主太专业了,向你学习

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-16 08:25:08

<

>不锈钢材料弹簧的热处理
<

>

QV2TrudQ.rar (5.5 KB, 下载次数: 52)

wolaile · 发表于 2005-9-16 08:25:54

<

>各类弹簧设计流程
<

>

Hi3lBv3l.rar (3.77 KB, 下载次数: 59)

显示全部楼层 · 发表于 2006-2-10 11:11:57

提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

zammins · 发表于 2006-2-10 14:14:05

jiangbs · 发表于 2006-6-3 08:38:23

好帖子呀！

ggzzhh · 发表于 2006-6-3 10:56:21

看完这4页帖子，我无言以对，我感觉我真的太渺小了，奉献的太少，索取的太多。另外集我10多年的机械经验，也没见过这么全的关于弹簧的论述。真的太感谢了！！！！感谢各位提供资料的网友们。谢谢！再鞠躬。

huangjuyu · 发表于 2006-6-3 16:36:04

我正想要这些，太感谢了！

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