要找一些输送机械的英文资料！！！

liuyantaoboy

请问在那里找啊，毕业设计要用的，还要翻译。可是现在还没有头绪，不知道上哪里找，谁有啊！！
关键词：material handling ，bulk handling，belt conveyor，drag conveyor，chain conveyor，bucket elevator，screw conveyor。
3 P5 u" n1 I* k$ ?7 h那位有的话请告之一声，小弟不胜感激。论坛是的温馨而又越快的地方，这里有好多人帮忙，不知有哪位好心的人来帮我啊！

liuyantaoboy

大家都是只看不回，不帮啊！

wolaile

英文资料? 样本？论文？专利？

liuyantaoboy

没什么样本，专利的，不过是论文最好了。那位有啊

wolaile

原帖由 liuyantaoboy 于 2009-3-3 14:44 发表

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登录/注册后可看大图

没什么样本，专利的，不过是论文最好了。那位有啊

) ~3 r) k5 k6 t; M: S% @* }- K* x“没什么样本，专利的”？？？
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网上有很多，搜搜。

wolaile

BELT CONVEYOR DRIVES - A CONSIDERATION OF SOME DESIGN ASPECTS

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BELT CONVEYOR DRIVES - A CONSIDERATION OF SOME DESIGN ASPECTS.pdf (251.49 KB, 下载次数: 54)

2009-3-3 15:29 上传

点击文件名下载附件

wolaile

Analysis of a Capacitive Mass Flow Sensor for a Screw Conveyor.
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Analysis of a Capacitive Mass Flow Sensor for a Screw Conveyor.pdf (1.33 MB, 下载次数: 27)

2009-3-4 10:12 上传

点击文件名下载附件

liuyantaoboy

不能下载了，我的流量不够了

wolaile

3D MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF CONVEYOR BELT SUBJECTED TO A STRESS LOADING

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Bindzár Peter 1, Grinčová Anna 2, Ristović Ivica 3

) Q; Q4 z2 x) T. T! X' |ABSTRACT
The transport is an element of the technological process that has the important influence on economy of every company. Because the transport costs affect price of the final product, it is important to improve the technical and economical level of the transport.The belt transport is one of the widely used transport systems in industry. It is used in various branches of industry, like mining, building industry, food industry, at the airports, in supermarkets, etc.
/ a2 d4 D: C5 K; g7 k! [$ QKey words: conveyor belt, mathematical model.

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! e. n" D0 X* H7 z4 ^- b4 O1. INTRODUCTION
The damage and wearing of basic component of the belt conve yer – the belt, is most evident in the heavy industry. The costs caused by idling of the conveyor with the damaged tape reach, sometimes, enormous amounts.
There are costs related to the exchange of a damaged belt and also costs caused by the temporary shutdown of operations. In 2006 expenses on conveyor belts exceeded in the Slovak Republic the final sum of 350 millions crowns. That is the reason for focusing on the process of damaging and wearing of the conveyor belts.

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1 \( L, o9 D+ q2. THE STRUCTURE AND LOADING OF THE CONVEYOR BELTS
There are often used conveyors with the belt with textile carcass to transport the material in mining industry. Such a belt consists of the following components (Fig. 1.):
- y0 ~8 u$ ^( ?The carcass provides the necessary strength and impact resistance for the conveyor belt, and it is also used to force transmission. It could be defined as a multi-element part of the conveyor belt connected with elastic material, which ensures the connection of the single components with one another and the dispersal of the energy at conveyor belt in operation. The top cover and protective edge enwind the carcass and protect it against the mechanical damage caused by transported material, against humidity impact and also against chemical and thermal influence affecting the conveyor belt. The bottom cover interacts with the rollers and with the drums of the conveyor and defends the carcass against their negative impact.

Figure 1. Conveyor belt with the textile carcass

* w: T. S. u2 C# A5 S; a* T  D# KThe carcass provides the necessary strength and impact resi stance for the conveyor belt, and it is also used to force transmission. It could be defined as a multi-element part of the conveyor belt connected with elastic material, which ensures the connection of the single compo nents with one another and the dispersal of the energy at conveyor belt in operation. The top cover and protective edge enwind the carcass and protect it against the mechanical damage caused by transported material, against humidity impact and also against chemical and thermal influence affecting the conveyor belt. The bottom cover interacts with the rollers and with the drums of the conveyor and defends the carcass against their negative impact.
The wearing of the conveyor belts depends on different factors, but mainly on operating conditions of the belt and on the type of transported material. The conveyors are continuous transport systems, which are able to transfer significant quantum of material. The downtime required for the repair or exchange of the broken belt always means huge economic costs.
9 o! ^3 m+ E; rThe wearing could have many causes.. The belt is under wearing mostly at the input place where the conveyer is loaded. According to the experience from the operation of a belt, it is stated that up to 80 % of all damages of a conveyor belt are at the loading place of conveyor – at the input place.
# E1 N! o5 _( {2 hThe impact force, which is one of the basic reasons of conveyor belt wearing, rises at the input places. This point load is the conse quence of the impact of the sharp-edged pieces of the transported material on the belt. If the impact energy is greater than the capability of the consoles, and of the conveyor belt to absorb this energy, then the conveyor belt damage occurs; first of all, the top cover in the form of transverse and longitudinal scratches, punctures and perforations.
The impact resistance is related with the wearing, eventually with the damage of conveyor belts on the input places. This property is one of the most important properties, but it is not classified yet.
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3. MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF CONVEYOR BELTS
  T9 G9 e/ b" h0 _4 v* VThe problem of testing the resistance of conveyor belts against perforation is very difficult because the belt consists not only of textile carcass, but also of materials with hyperelastic properties (rubber).
2 L3 a/ r# g% M! {( R. jThe general scheme of problem solving in the program ANSYS is visible in the Figure2.

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Figure 2. General scheme of problem solving in the ANSYS program

" R5 G! t+ ]& M: ~3 B8 c4 tMathematical modeling means the usage of the mathematical formulas and relations in order to simulate the real situation. For example it is the simulation of the conveyor belt strains. Various parameters, for example size of density and deformation in the point of force application etc. can be the results of modeling. The all calculation is made by computer program that is based on finite – element method.
$ h9 G0 }. R- T3 Y' OMuch lower costs are one of the advantages of mathematical modeling, especially in comparison with other methods (for example the experimental research). The next big advantage is based on the possibility of input data changes and on the very fast solutions of various versions of the given problem.
. ^6 u+ {# j1 f$ g. |# l" d3.1. Mathematical model of conveyor belt
+ i7 l. Z  p7 K9 uWe can see, in the previous scheme, that the first step of solution is the model building, or its import from specialized software. In this step, we create geometrical shape of final model called solid model.
2 E  T1 ^. N( c' l  J  ]+ I8 b# CThe next step is the choice of element and the definition of material properties (physical, technological and mechanical properties). The element type determines, for instance, whether the final model is plane (2-D) or space (3-D). The element HYPER58 (Fig. 3.) was selected to model the cover layers of a conveyor belt. It is 8-node element given for the 3-D modeling of a solid hyper elastic structure. It is used for material modeling which is nearly uncompressible (for example rubber and similar materials with great displacements and deformations).
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Figure 3. Element HYPER58

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Meshing the model. It is a process in which the MKP model is built from the solid model. We need to choose suitable size and number of particular elements because the solution must be as exact as possible, but at the same time the calculation must not be much longer in consequence of a large number of the elements.
8 ]9 k5 y# o/ C0 h6 h. h/ KMaterial properties of particular elements are given in the Table 1.

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wolaile

The setting of analyses, the application of loads, the determination of boundary conditions and the making of
% R' M. w3 A7 r. g/ Kthe solution is the fourth step that is executed in the part of program called Solution. Before the load application, it is necessary to set analysis parameters i.e., an analysis type, solution methods (Newton-Raphson...) and some other parameters that are necessary for the solution of the given problem. The solving starts by using the command [SOLVE] after assigning the boundary marginal conditions.
( N7 I2 ~8 f6 ^8 ^8 @! HThe review of the results and its evaluation is the last step. We can browse the solution results by using the module post-processing. This module consists of two sub modules POST1 and POST26. POST1 serves to review the solution results in the whole model in the particular instant of time. POST26 project results only in the particular point of the model in dependence on time. It is possible to represent the results in textual or graphical form. The graphics offers a great clearness in the analysis of results.
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1 Z& e9 k' v$ O: sOn the Figure 4 is seen the model of a conveyor belt with applied boundary conditions and it is ready to initialize the calculation.
  {6 ~: |3 [8 s# x* V3.2. The overview of mathematical modeling results
Before projection of the result of mathematical modeling we need to consider, that the monitored parameters were the density and the deformation in the conveyor belt. On the basis of the theory of maximal stresses it will be possible to determine the critical (limit) force, by which the belt,still, will not be damaged by the action of transverse impact force.

Figure 4. Model of conveyor belt

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) C( g+ _+ e. a: M# O% @4 y4 K  m[ 本帖最后由 wolaile 于 2009-3-4 14:51 编辑 ]

wolaile

Two types of conveyor belts (concretely belt P 1000/4 and belt P 2000/4) were monitored for the mutual comparison. The simulated weight of the falling entity was 42 kg and the height of the fall was changing within the range 0.28 – 2.28 m. The data are given in Table 2.
4 d) X% Z( h1 Q3 r3 o2 ^* LTable 2. Results of the dynamic analysis for the weight of 42 kg
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Belt type	Height of the fall h [m]	Resistance conveyor belt F [N] " S1 ~# W6 f& H. X6 L	Density in the top cover σx [MPa] ! k) @/ ^' q/ _( \4 S) P0 t	Density in the carcass σxk [MPa]	Maximal displacement / d# D' L( J7 d0 YuY [mm]	Von Mises stress σMIS [MPa] 1 j, V- K( j( [1 g0 x
	0,28	2118 / R3 ~; r; h. o% X) b0 `( y5 H	- 1,08	26,25	- 2,34	22,61
	0,78	3592 2 R$ |* D  y% J+ X5 j( [	- 1,87 & M* [! p$ B; b	39,70   v) _0 d) _- \: {	- 4,17 4 {& I2 j6 ~* Y, \! }$ s+ _5 f	34,27
P 1000/4	1,28 & x3 L% D# I3 D# D0 {* i	4605	- 2,40 7 K" @) Z  J  A, B! W	47,86 + ?0 B9 @5 I  E: B' M	- 5,28	41,77
	1,78 1 F/ n9 p3 A# V; ^6 o4 |+ R, R	5848 % j: l. R: C3 v1 Z3 s& h4 S" |	- 2,93 ) F! F. m  v+ t! G! L- g: o1 U8 \	55,14 " W. S6 `& x- ]  z, ?/ G3 L	- 5,88 & f  P4 b- e4 k	47,83 ( E; `. V( n6 C2 z3 v& Y
	2,28 . P+ D, P$ I% r  F$ |  {	8158	- 4,27 * l7 \. y- q# c; J4 C# A1 o' @	77,79	- 8,21	67,44 1 S" x0 R' O; m5 U# |
	0,28	2349	- 1,21	25,90	- 0,78 ' L1 y2 D" }+ `	23,85
	0,78	3822	- 1,98	31,73	- 1,31	28,30
P 2000/4	1,28	5296	- 2,77 & {( t" B" S3 ]- M* y	37,68 & x" J1 ?; V2 Z6 J# [# N	- 1,78	32,94
	1,78	6999	- 3,68	43,73	- 2,18 7 U" `* {- d! K! J	38,24 7 X  @, a' d* J/ O" ]' Y* G
	2,28 7 b, H0 Z, i  |, w) N: F	10 200	- 5,41	58,49 4 H9 V, l4 w- G; N	- 3,05	51,33

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% q" T1 I7 @1 t, L+ P7 L[ 本帖最后由 wolaile 于 2009-3-4 14:51 编辑 ]

wolaile

4. METHODOLOGY TO CONVEYOR BELT EVALUATION IN REALATION TO IMPACT FORCE
3-D mathematical model (Fig. 4.) was created for two belts: P 1000/4 and P 2000/4. The real dimensions were maintained for both models except for their lengths. The modeled length of the belt (600 mm) was chosen, so that the influence of the boundary conditions on the computing results was eliminated in a reasonable range.
0 o: |! n0 @6 W8 g" y0 {$ HBy the analysis in the program ANSYS, there were monitored stress-strain states in the conveyor belts which result from the different falling-height and from the different types of conveyor belts. It was found that the stress concentrate and reach its maximal value in the carcass, exactly at the point, where the fall impacts. This stress is marked as σxk. It is possible to assume, that the maximal value of stress cause the damage or even the puncture of the conveyor belt. When the density in the belt rises in the consequence of the impact force that exceeds the maximal value; then the damage of the belt occurs.
If we know the maximal stress value for the individual type of the conveyor belt, we can consider, if the damage will or will not occur by the impact force. Now, if we assume that the damage of the conveyor belt depends only on its tensile stress resistance, then the damage occurs when the stress value exceeds its maximal value.
3 g% _# _7 r- i  v$ J7 E, p' ?Maximal stress value determination. The maximal stress value is determined by FEM analysis. The maximal stress value depends on the belt type and is computed from the
6 t- f! r' N# q% ]6 N& Ystrength value of the belt. For example the belt P 1000/4 has the strength value 1000N.mm-1. It is the value that presents the critical value, because the belt breakage will occur if it is exceeded. The determination of the maximal stress value of the belt will be processed in the program ANSYS in such a way that the belt model (Fig. 4.) will be charged with a tensile force equal to 1000N.mm-1. That force also represents the strength of the belt. In consequence of this force in the belt, the certain stress value will rise in the belt. The raised stress is considered as maximal stress. The similar process will be done on the belt P 2000/4. Based on these procedures, we can determine maximal stress for the belts described in this paper:
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for the belt P 1000/4 85,27 MPa

+ |7 N3 }6 o$ `8 [6 m; z. e0 Pfor the belt P 2000/4 106,12 MPa
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/ G. y1 L# g8 [% H! o. H7 [- g1 ?Utilization of the maximal density in the real conditions. It is possible to make up the diagram of the impact force F and the density in the carcass σxk (Fig. 5.).
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Figure 5. The diagram showing dependence between stress value of the conveyor belt and impact force

# y5 y; p& H; Z* y% p8 |) @Now, if we illustrate the maximal stress values on the graph, it will be possible to deduct, for the individual belt type, the boundary value of the force by which the belt will not be damaged yet. The red broken line specifies the boundaries of the usability of the conveyor belt P 1000/4. The blue broken line specifies the boundaries of the usability of the conveyor belt P 2000/4. It means that the belt will not be damaged by the impact force while its values do not exceed the value of 9200 N for the belt P 1000/4 or 22 000 N for the belt P 2000/4.
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+ H! H3 C1 l. f6 W, GCONCLUSION
3 |/ w9 ~% g# v* ]; \. Q  CThe determination of the maximal stress values e.g. 85,27 MPa and 106,12 MPa in the chapter 4 is based on the assumption, that the damage of the conveyor belt depends only on the tensile stress resistance. In fact, the damage of the conveyor belt depends not only on the tensile stress resistance, but also on the compression strength, on the shearing strength, eventually on other criteria resulting from the way of impact, from the construction of the support system etc. In order to include the other criteria into the analysis, it is necessary to perform other relevant experimental tests (such as compression strength test, shearing strength test etc.). The suggested methodology of the determination of the boundary force is a significant result of the mathematical modeling and it is possible to use it for any type of the conveyor belt. At the same time it is necessary to point out, that the mathematical modeling is more effective in combination with the experimental tests, which provide the entry data for the model and verify it as well.

liuyantaoboy

这些文章翻译需要花费好多时间，可是我们老师所马上就要交了，我看是来不及了，如果那位大侠肯的话请发一篇中英文对照的吧！可以发到我邮箱里liuyantaoboy@163.com 当然也可以发到这里！再次谢谢大家的帮忙，这里真是个好地方，以后要常泡坛子了！

yanghui02000

有英文的就不错了，自己翻译吧

weidyawn

我也在找这个东西呀，这样直接拿来翻 ，会疯掉滴